During his four-day trial in 2008 the accusing daughter testified that she was repeatedly molested by him, beginning when she was six years old. Tandis que la première marche arrive de l'autre côté du Pont Edmund Pettus, une grande partie des participants - dont le président du SNCC John Lewis et Amelia Boynton Robinson, ont été matraqués et aspergés de gaz lacrymogène. He initiated the 1967 March on the United Nations as part of the anti-war movement. While in India, James Lawson had studied Mahatma Gandhi's techniques of nonviolent direct action and passive resistance used in his political movement. After buses and riders were severely attacked, including a firebombing of a bus and beatings with police complicity in Birmingham, Alabama, CORE suspended the rides. During what was called the Birmingham Children's Crusade, President John F. Kennedy asked King to stop using children in the campaign. After serving seven months he was freed awaiting an appeal; he died of pancreatic cancer in December 2008. He worked on a cotton plantation for a time as a youth and later in a steel mill. James L. Bevel, The Freedom Rides, This page was last edited on 1 February 2021, at 22:39. Avant cela, Bernard Lafayette et sa femme, Colia Lidell, ont créé un projet du SNCC à Selma (Alabama), pour assister les organisateurs locaux comme Amelia Boynton. The accuser was one of his daughters, who was 13–15 years old at the time and lived with him. In this same period, the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) organized the 1961 Freedom Rides through the Deep South to challenge southern state laws and practices that segregated interstate buses and their facilities despite federal laws for equal treatment. During the civil rights era and shortly after, many of the male leaders received most of the recognition for its successes. In an opinion issued November 4, 2011, the state's Supreme Court held that abatement of criminal convictions was not available in Virginia under the circumstances of Bevel's case. When more arrived to march the following day, Eugene "Bull" Connor, City Commissioner of Public Safety, ordered that German Shepherd dogs and high-pressure fire hoses be used to stop the children from marching. L'historien David Halberstam l'a décrite comme « une femme brillante, déterminée, sans peur, avec un instinct infaillible pour choisir la meilleure option tactique à chaque étape d'une crise. [36] He married three other women in the following decades, and had told the court during his incest case that he had 16 children born of seven women. Martin Luther King Jr. to Montgomery, AL on May 21 in support of the Riders. Born: 19-Oct-1936 Birthplace: Itta Bena, MS Died: 19-Dec-2008 Location of death: Springfield, VA Cause of death: Cancer - Pancreatic Gender: Male Religion: See Note Race or Ethnicity: Black Sexual orientation: Straight Occupation: Activist Nationality: United States Executive summary: Civil rights activist, convicted of incest Military service: US Navy Le mouvement pour les droits de vote de Selma a commencé officiellement en janvier 1965, puis s'est agrandi et a connu quelques succès minimes. They agreed to work until they had ended segregation, obtained voting rights, and ensured that all American children had a quality education. Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? Lafayette and his wife, Colia Lidell, had also opened a SNCC project in Selma, Alabama, to assist the work of local organizers such as Amelia Boynton. Bevel, along with fellow Nashville students John Lewis, Diane Nash, Marion Barry, and Bernard Lafayette, were trained by Reverend James Lawson in Gandhi’s principles of nonviolent direct action. Après que les lumières de la rue ont été éteintes par les policiers d'État de l'Alabama, Jimmie Lee Jackson a été touché par balle à l'estomac tandis qu'il protégeait sa mère d'une attaque des policiers pendant qu'elle-même défendait son père. [12] Charged with one count of unlawful fornication in Virginia, which has no statute of limitations for incest, Bevel pleaded not guilty and maintained his innocence of incest. [12] Bevel agreed to lead the antiwar effort. James Bevel n'a jamais rendu les pétitions collectées et a quitté l'État l'été suivant[23]. Ils se sont mis d'accord sur le fait de ne pas arrêter avant que ces grandes avancées n’aient lieu, mais aussi de ne demander de l'argent à la SCLC que si tout le groupe était impliqué dans l'organisation d'un mouvement[9],[10]. In a Nashville church basement in November 1959, he led the first nonviolence workshop for students like Diane Nash, Bernard Lafayette, James Bevel, Marion Barry, and John Lewis. Après avoir purgé sept mois de prison, il a été libéré en attente d'un appel et est décédé d'un cancer du pancréas en décembre 2008. Il a été enterré à Eutaw en Alabama. While studying at the American Baptist Theological Seminary, James Bevel became one of the leaders of the Nashville Student Movement. James Bevel a aussi proposé qu'une marche sur Washington soit organisée par les étudiants militants de Birmingham, puis, quand ce ne fut plus nécessaire, a suggéré que la SCLC organise et rejoigne une marche sur Washington plus tard dans l'année[8], un rassemblement qui avait été recommandé par les militants, Bayard Rustin et Asa Philip Randolph. Avant que cette marche finale n’ait lieu, le Président Lyndon B. Johnson est apparu à la télévision pour annoncer une session conjointe du Congrès des États-Unis et a demandé que celui-ci fasse passer une loi complète sur le droit de vote. Il y a travaillé pour en finir avec les bidonvilles et pour créer des syndicats de propriétaires. She experienced racism early in life, however small, but her family structure gave little credit to the racism in the social culture, they refused to make it an impactful occurrence of their daily lives, so Diane Nash grew up with an ingrained refusal to acknowledge racism. In March 1965 protesters made a symbolic march, inspired by a fiery speech by Bevel at Brown Chapel A.M.E. Church, where much organizing was done. 1966 Chicago open housing movement and the Anti-Vietnam War Movement. En mai 2007, James Bevel a été arrêté en Alabama pour inceste commis entre octobre 1992 et octobre 1994 dans le Comté de Loudoun en Virginie. [6], Prior to his time with SCLC, Bevel worked in the Nashville Student Movement, which conducted the 1960 Nashville Lunch-Counter Sit-Ins, the 1961 Open Theater Movement, and recruited students to continue the 1961 Freedom Rides after they were attacked. On February 16, 1965, Jimmie Lee Jackson, his mother, and grandfather took part in a nighttime march led by C. T. Vivian to protest the related jailing of activist James Orange in Marion, Alabama. The tribute introduced Daisy Bates, Diane Nash, Prince E. Lee, Rosa Parks, and Gloria Richardson. Né à Itta Bena, Mississippi[12], James Bevel[13] a grandi et travaillé dans une plantation de coton, il a étudié dans le Mississippi et à Cleveland et a servi dans la United States Navy pendant un temps. [35], Bevel was married in 1961 to activist Diane Nash after he completed his seminary studies. AKA James Luther Bevel. Bevel also read several of Mohandas Gandhi's books and newspapers while taking off-campus workshops on Gandhi's philosophy and nonviolent techniques taught by James Lawson of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. The Court of Appeals affirmed this judgment. While in the Jackson jail, Bevel and Bernard Lafayette initiated the Mississippi Voting Rights Movement. [3] Later recognition. Tout comme la « menace » des enfants marchant sur l'autoroute entre Birmingham et Washington a mené au Civil Rights Act de 1964, la menace de la marche de 1941 a mené à la signature par le Président Franklin Roosevelt de l'«ordre exécutif 8802», qui interdisait la discrimination dans les entreprises qui travaillent pour la défense ; aucune des deux marches n'eurent lieu. He was buried in Eutaw, Alabama. [18] He worked to create tenant unions and build grassroots action to "end" slums. [12] He lost as the Republican candidate for Illinois' 7th Congressional District in 1984. [11] He was one of seventeen children. [24][25], Bevel moved to Omaha, Nebraska, in November 1990 as the leader of the "Citizens Fact-Finding Commission to Investigate Human Rights Violations of Children in Nebraska", a group organized by the Schiller Institute. For his work Bevel has been called a father of voting rights, the strategist and architect of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement,[9] and half of the first-tier team that formulated many of the strategies and actions to gain federal legislation and social changes during the 1960s civil rights era.[7][8]. Il a été responsable de l'action directe et responsable de l'éducation pacifiste de la Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)[4] et a initié, établi des stratégies, dirigé et développé les trois succès majeurs de cette ère[5],[6] : la Campagne de Birmingham de 1963, les Marches de Selma à Montgomery et le Chicago Freedom Movement[7]. En 1960, avec plusieurs des étudiants de James Lawson et de Miles Horton dont Bernard Lafayette (en), John Lewis et Diane Nash[15], James Bevel a participé aux Sit-ins de Nashville qui ont mis fin à la ségrégation dans les bars de la ville. Juste après le succès de ce mouvement (qui était la seule ville du pays à avoir organisé une action), la présidente du Nashville Student Movement, Diane Nash, a annoncé au groupe qu'il devait continuer les Freedom Rides de 1961, malgré le fait que les organisateurs, le Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), ont arrêté le voyage après qu'un bus a été attaqué par des bombes incendiaires à Birmingham. She is the sister of Dennis Mora, one of the "Fort Hood Three." Bevel spent weeks developing strategy, recruiting and educating students in the philosophy and techniques of nonviolence. Il a été condamné pour fornication amorale en Virginie, qui ne pratique pas la prescription pour inceste. At trial, Bevel denied committing the sexual act and his recorded statement was used against him. At the time, Bevel was living in Leesburg, Virginia, and working with LaRouche's group, whose international headquarters was a few blocks from Bevel's apartment. Soon Lawson's students, including Diane Nash, Bernard Lafayette, James Bevel, John Lewis and others from American Baptist, Fisk University and Tennessee State University, organized a systematic nonviolent sit-in campaign at local lunch counters. He received an appeal bond on November 4, 2008, and was released from jail three days later, after a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. James Luther Bevel (October 19, 1936 – December 19, 2008) was a minister and a leader of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. Mrs. Grace Mora Newman who is of Puerto Rican extraction. SNCC had been conducting a Voting Rights Project (headed by Prathia Hall and Worth Long) since the early 1960s, meeting with violence in Alabama. After the verdict, Bevel claimed that the charges were part of a conspiracy to destroy his reputation, and said that he might appeal. During the summer of 1961, Nash married activist James Bevel, who had been a classmate at Fisk. Diane Nash called for new riders. At the turn of the 20th century, southern state legislatures had passed new constitutions and laws that effectively disenfranchised most blacks. They were severely penalized for missing work and were trying to support their families. Bevel instead said that he would organize the children to march to Washington D.C. to meet with Kennedy about segregation. Martin Luther King, Jr., the Rev. Originally planned as a rally in Central Park, the United Nations Anti-Vietnam War March became the largest demonstration in American history to that date. Le procès, qui a duré quatre jours en avril 2008, contenait des "témoignages à propos de la philosophie de James Bevel sur l'éradication de la luxure et son devoir d'orienter sexuellement ses enfants". [16] Activists encountered severe violence at that time and retreated to regroup. Pendant la croisade des enfants de Birmingham, le Président John Fitzgerald Kennedy a demandé à Martin Luther King d'arrêter d'impliquer des enfants dans la campagne. James Bevel, qui a travaillé avec le SNCC pour mettre fin à la ségrégation dans les cinémas, a dirigé avec succès l'Open Theater Movement de Nashville de 1961. Peu de temps après, en août 1963, la SCLC a participé à ce qui est connu comme la Marche sur Washington pour l'emploi et la liberté, un évènement organisé par les dirigeants du premier syndicat noir, Asa Philip Randolph et Bayard Rustin, qui avait aussi organisé le Mouvement de la marche sur Washington de 1941. The street lights were turned off by Alabama State Troopers who attacked the protesters. James Bevel responded by proposing the Alabama Voting Rights Project, co-wrote the project proposal with his then wife, Diane Nash, and the two soon moved to Alabama and began to implement the project along with Birmingham student activist James Orange. Près d'un millier d'entre eux ont été arrêtés le premier jour. work alongside Bevel's and Nash's Alabama Project[4] Together the groups became collectively known as the Selma Voting Rights Movement, with James Bevel as its director. The couple had two children, Sherri and Douglass. 8 anecdotes sur James Bevel, le fondateur des droits de vote. Une de ses filles âgée d'environ 14 ans à ce moment-là, a porté plainte. Martin Luther King a donc demandé à James Bevel de ne plus impliquer des adolescents ; cependant, James Bevel lui a répondu qu'il n'arrêterait pas l'action mais qu'il organiserait à la place une marche vers Washington D.C avec les enfants pour rencontrer le Président Kennedy à propos de la ségrégation[8]. Angeline Butler is a 1961 graduate of Fisk University. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 7 novembre 2020 à 14:14. They agreed to continue until they had achieved these goals, and to ask for funding from the SCLC only if the group was involved in organizing a movement. Carolyn McKinstry; Resources and Multimedia. The Movement began to stage regular marches to the county courthouse, which had limited hours for blacks to register as voters. Practices such as requiring payment of poll taxes and literacy tests administered in a discriminatory way by white officials maintained the exclusion of blacks from the political system in the 1960s. Plus tard, en 1967, James Bevel a pris congé de la SCLC après avoir été nommé président du comité de mobilisation nationale pour finir la guerre au Viêt-Nam où il a dirigé son mouvement anti-guerre et a initié et appelé à la manifestation devant le Pentagone du 21 octobre 1967[9],[10]. A fight broke out between LaRouche supporters and black nationalists.[30]. [32], On April 10, 2008, after a three-hour deliberation, the jury convicted Bevel of incest. [11], In 1960, along with Lawson's and Horton's students including Bernard Lafayette, John Lewis, Diane Nash and others, Bevel participated in the Nashville Sit-In Movement organized by Nash, whom he would later marry, to desegregate the city's lunch counters and got to know many student leaders. [5] Bevel went to the children and asked them to prepare to take to the highways for a march on Washington, with the goal of questioning the President about his plans to end segregation in America. In 1965 SCLC gave its highest honor, the Rosa Parks Award, to James Bevel and Diane Nash for their work on the Alabama Voting Rights Project. This was financially backed by the Unification Church of Sun Myung Moon, which appeared to be trying to improve its controversial image by allying with such respected leaders. It is true that she is James Bevels and my daughter, but she fails to state that she and I have been estranged and not on speaking terms for over 25 years. [26] The commission was associated with Lyndon LaRouche, and sought to persuade the state legislature to reopen its two-year investigation into the Franklin child prostitution ring allegations. In 1959, he, along with his friends Diane Nash, James Bevel, and John Lewis, all members of the Nashville Student Movement, led sit-ins, such as the 1960 Lunch Counter Sit-In, at restaurants and businesses that practiced segregation. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) organizer: “My former husband Jim Bevel and I cried when we heard about the bombing, because. Bevel and others were grieved and outraged. Pendant cet appel de 90 minutes, la fille de Bevel lui a demandé pourquoi il avait couché avec elle en 1993 et elle lui a aussi demandé pourquoi il voulait qu'elle prenne une douche vaginale après le rapport[26]. Après qu'une décision judiciaire du juge Frank Minis Johnson (en) a permis que la marche puisse continuer, des centaines de dirigeants religieux ou de syndicats, des célébrités, des militants et des citoyens ont marché les 86 kilomètres qui séparent Selma de Montgomery. [citation needed], In 1989, Bevel and Abernathy organized the National Committee Against Religious Bigotry and Racism. [13], At the time the Open Theater Movement had success in Nashville, this was the only city in the country where activists had organized such an action. Mouvement des étudiants de Nashville, SNCC, La croisade des enfants de Birmingham de 1963, Le projet en Alabama et le mouvement pour les droits de vote de Selma, Le Chicago Freedom Movement de 1966 et le mouvement contre la guerre au Viêt Nam, The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute, "James L. Bevel The Strategist of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement" par Randy Kryn, un paper dand le livre de 1989 de, Mouvement afro-américain des droits civiques, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Marche sur Washington pour l'emploi et la liberté, Mouvement des droits civiques aux États-Unis depuis 1954, "Movement Revision Research Summary Regarding James Bevel" par Randy Kryn, Octobre 2005, http://www.etext.org/Politics/LaRouche/larouche.program.03, "The Day The Pentagon Was Supposed To Lift Off Into Space", "Civil Rights Leader Convicted of Incest". Lawson taught non-retaliation strategies and instilled a deep belief in the potential of … Quand ils ont continué à sortir de l'église le lendemain, le conseiller municipal Bull Connor a ordonné que des bergers allemands et des lance-flammes soient utilisés sur les enfants. Because the executor of Bevel's estate had not sought to prosecute the appeal, the Court affirmed the conviction. Materials advertising speeches by Sherri Bevel promote her as "Sherri Bevel, daughter of James Bevel and Diane Nash civil rights activists." Bevel also attended workshops at the Highlander Folk School taught by its founder, Myles Horton, who emphasized grassroots organizing. They moved to Alabama to implement the project along with Birmingham student activist James Orange. That protection had been compromised out of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Nash began attending nonviolent civil disobedience workshops led by James Lawson. In 1963, SCLC agreed to assist its co-founder, Fred Shuttlesworth, and others in their work on desegregating retail businesses and jobs in Birmingham, Alabama, where discussion and negotiations with city officials had yielded little. As the Director of Direct Action and of Nonviolent Education of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), he initiated, strategized, directed, and developed SCLC's three major successes of the era:[2][3] the 1963 Birmingham Children's Crusade, the 1965 Selma voting rights movement, and the 1966 Chicago open housing movement.
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